Forward-difference

For the forward-difference scheme

1. start with n being the lowest number bin of the range over which the structure function is to be evaluated (number of bins in range must exceed n_max
   1. start with $\delta$ = 1
   2. compute the second order structure function D(n,$\delta$) as the segment mean of the square of the velocity difference between the bin n and bin n + $\delta$:
      
      D(n, $\delta$) = $⟨$ [v’(n, t) - v’(n+$\delta$, t)]² $⟩$
      
      where the angled brackets indicate the mean across all t for the data segment yielding a velocity difference after the application of the Level 1 QC criteria
   3. increment $\delta$ and repeat steps until $\delta$ = n_max or n + $\delta$ exceeds the last bin of the range over which the structure function is to be evaluated
2. increment n and repeat steps until n + 1 is the last bin of the range over which the structure function is to be evaluated